Machining Niobium
Tag nrho cov machining txheej txheem yuav siv tau rau Niobium. Niobium muaj ib tug nyiam mus gall. Tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau cov cuab yeej tsim thiab siv cov kev siv. Lathe xa, Cov hlau coj zoo ib yam li cov tooj liab. Siv cov speed tooling nrog adequate therication thiab txias nrog soluble roj tom qab lub parameters muab ntawm no yog pom zoo.
Txawm tias cov cuab yeej siv los siv tau los siv tau, Tus nyiam mus gall yog pronounced nrog lawv nrog siab speed hlau. siav, Cov hlau yuav tsum raug tshem tawm hauv ib shearing tes hauj lwm thiab nti pub swb tawm ntawm qhov chaw cuab yeej. Thaum uas ua rau daim nti tshwm sim, Lub siab lov tej ntug ntawm lub cuab yeej.
Cov machining pom zoo qhia nyob rau hauv cov lus accompanying feem ntau muab satisfactory tau. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm qhov ceev tshaj nkaus 80 ib feeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Qeeb speeds yuav ua rau cov hlau los kua muag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog annealed Tshuag. feem ntau, unannealed hlau yog najnpawb rau lathe haujlwm.
drilling
Txheem high speed drills yuav siv tau nrog cov ntsiab lus zoo. Lub peripheral lands ntawm tus drill yuav tsum tau ntsuam xyuas feem ntau rau excessive hnav kom tsis txhob drilling undersized qhov.
zom
raws li niobium lwm tus neeg Eagle Alloys paub nyuaj npaum li cas grinding yog. Feem ntau grinding log muaj ib tug nyiam load, thiab silicon carbide log xws li Carborundum 120-T (ntxhib) thiab 120-R los yog 150-R (tas) siv. Ib qho mov uas txias txias yog desirable.
threading
Cov txheej txheem txheej txheem rau threading yuav siv tau thaum txaus lub thericant yog muaj los txo cov galling nyiam thiab consequent tearing ntawm cov hlau los ntawm qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv threading loj diameters, Nws yuav zoo hlais cov threads rau ib lathe es nrog ib threading tuag. Thaum xyuas los yog taps siv, Lawv yuav tsum khaws tej daim chips thiab ntxuav feem ntau.
Blanking thiab Punching
Dies thiab punches ua los ntawm steels feem ntau siv rau lub hom phiaj no yog satisfactory rau niobium. A 6% clearance ntawm lub punch thiab tuag yog pom zoo. Teeb roj los yog zoo ib yam li covricants yuav tsum siv los tiv thaiv tw cov dies.
Daim Ntawv Stamping
Tooj liab, aluminum bronzes, thiab hlau yuav siv tau rau cov cuab yeej siv. Cov txheej txheem siv tau tib yam li siv rau stamping hlau. Cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau polished kom txo tus nyiam mus gall li ntau tau. Teeb roj los yog zoo ib yam li covricants yuav tsum tau siv, Dua kom txo qhov uas yuav galling.
sib sib zog nqus
Annealed niobium yuav tau sib sib zog nqus twv tsis yooj yim heev. Cov khoom siv pom zoo rau daim ntawv stamping no kuj zoo rau drawing haujlwm. Ib zaug xwb draws qhov twg lub qhov tob ntawm lub kos tsis tshaj qhov diameter ntawm tus blank yuav tau accomplished. Yog hais tias ntau tshaj ib kos yog ua, Tus thawj kos yuav tsum tsis muaj ib qhov tob ntau dua 40% blank diameter. Intermediate annealing hauv lub nqus tsev nqus tsev yuav desirable nrog ntau draws. Sulfonated tallow thiab Johnson tus 150 yog nqus tau li covricants.
Spinning
Niobium yuav tau spun los conventional txheej txheem siv ntoo qub thiab hlau roller log nyob rau hauv conjunction nrog ib qho adequatericant xws li sulfonated tallow los yog Johnson tus 150 wax. Spinning yog ua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub. Beryllium tooj liab los yog aluminum bronzes yog tsim nyog rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Cov hlau yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam me me los yog theem uas ntev cheb strokes siv lub teeb siab es ob peb hnyav strokes.
Welding
Raws li twb teev, niobium yog ib tug heev reactive hlau. Nws reacts nrog tag nrho cov gases. Cov hlau kuj reacts nrog qhov chaw contaminants xws li roj, grease, residues ntawm degreasing tov, thiab residues los ntawm cov kua ntxuav tu xws li acetone. Nws yog vim li cas cov chaw hlau yuav tsum welded, Yog fusion los yog kuj welding yuav tsum kiag li huv ua ntej welding.
Acid acid etch in tov 45 qhov chaw nitric acid, 1 ib feem hydroflouric acid, thiab so ntawm ambient kub los yog nce mus txog 65 kev kawm ntawv C (150 degrees F) txais yuav tsum. Tus nqi hydrofluoric acid tej zaum yuav muaj ntau zog yog hais tias ib tug loj etching tes hauj lwm yuav tsum tau txhaj. Cov hlau yuav tsum tau muab yaug tom qab etching, preferably hauv distilled los yog deionized dej.
Kuj Welding
Kuj welding ntawm niobium rau niobium thiab tej lwm hlau yuav tau ua nrog conventional khoom thiab cov txheej txheem. Vim nws yog melting taw tes thiab kuj tsis muaj hluav taws xob kuj, niobium yuav tsum tau muaj hwj huam input kom tau ib lub suab weld. Weld duration yuav tsum tau khaws kom luv li tau, ua kom zoo siab 1-10 vib nas this (60Hz) tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob ntawm lub cheeb tsam weld. Yog hais tias txhua yam tau, Qhov chaw ua hauj lwm yuav tsum nyab nrog dej. Nyob rau hauv seam kuj welding, Qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ua tau yuav tsum tau submerged hauv dej, Cais ob yam cua los ntawm lub tshav kub cuam tshuam dab tsi thiab txias hlau sai li sai tau.
RWMA Hoob Kawm 2 welding electrodes pom zoo thiab yuav tsum muaj dej txias. Tej tooj liab khaws rau lub niobium yuav yooj yim tshem tawm ntawm pickling hauv nitric acid, uas yuav tsis nres niobium. Raws li twb emphasized, Qhov chaw yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav tu ua ntej welding. Tom qab qhov chaw tu tau tu, Lawv yuav tsum tau kov nrog lint-dawb paj rwb hnab looj tes kom lub cev roj yuav tsis muaj tus kab mob no rau ntawm qhov chaw.
Fusion Welding
Kuab, ductile fusion welds yuav tau ua nrog niobium siv TIG welding. Vim yog cov weld reactivity nrog cua, Tej yam hloov mus rau txoj kev TIG yuav tsum tau ua.
Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws yog weld hauv ib chamber, siv argon los yog sib xyaw argon thiab helium. Yog chamber welding tsis xyaum los yog tsis muaj, welding nyob rau hauv ib cua cua yuav tau ua nrog fixturing muab ib cov roj cua tsis zoo xwb rau lub molten tsam, Tab sis kuj rau lub tshav kub cuam tshuam dab tsi. Trailing shields yog tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov fusion tsam thaum txias thiab cov hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob raug cua kom txog thaum kub muaj nqis rau 260 kev kawm ntawv C (500 degrees F) los sis tsawg dua. Sab nraum qab ntawm lub weld tsam yuav tsum tiv thaiv cov roj shield thaum ob lub welding thiab txias cycles.
Normal sheet nrog ib thickness ntawm .050″ los yog tsawg dua yuav tau welded tsis siv ib tug pas nrig. Heavier sheet feem ntau yuav tsum tau siv cov roder rod. Bare qws yuav tsum siv. Siv cov pas nrig los yog ib tug mob khaub thuas tsis zoo, Vim molten niobium reacts nrog tag nrho cov paub fluxes. Cleanliness ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum welded thiab raws li tus filler rod yog ib qho tseem ceeb.
