Hafnij

Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery, ductile metal generally similar to zirconium. Good corrosion resistance and high strength. Odporen je proti koroziji zaradi nastajanja žilavega materiala, neprepustna oksidna folija na njeni površini. The metal is unaffected by alkalis and acids, razen fluorovodikove kisline. Hafnij je težko ločiti iz cirkonija, ker imata oba elementa enako veliko atomov. Hafnij in njegove zlitine se uporabljajo za krmilne palice v jedrskih reaktorjih in jedrskih podmornicah, ker hafnij odlično absorbira nevtrone, ima zelo visoko tališče in je odporen proti koroziji. Uporablja se v visokotemperaturnih zlitinah in keramiki, ker so nekatere njegove spojine zelo ognjevzdržne: se ne bodo stopili, razen pri najbolj ekstremnih temperaturah.

Hafnij (atomski simbol: Hf, atomsko številko: 72) je blok D., Skupina 4, Obdobje 6 element z atomsko maso 178.49. The number of electrons in each of Hafnium’s shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 in njegova elektronska konfiguracija je [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2. The hafnium atom has a radius of 159 popoldne in Van der Waalsov polmer 212 popoldne. Hafnium was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869 but it was not until 1922 that it was first isolated Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy.

V svoji elementarni obliki, hafnium has a lustrous silvery-gray appearance. Hafnium does not exist as a free element in nature. It is found in zirconium compounds such as zircon. Hafnium is often a component of superalloys and circuits used in semiconductor device fabrication. Its name is derived from the Latin word Hafnia, meaning Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Zgornji podatki so zgolj informativne narave. Eagle Alloys ne odgovarja za točnost te vsebine ali aplikacij. Končane risbe delov se lahko posredujejo tretji osebi za zunanje izvajanje.