Zirconium

Fekauʻaki mo e Ukamea Zirconiume (ZR) mo e Ngaahi ʻAloʻi ʻo Zirconiume .

Zirconium (ZR) ko ha ukamea 'oku 'ikai ke fu'u 'alu 'a e corrosion 'oku faka'aonga'i ki he ngaahi koloa lahi ki he ngaahi 'atakai kemikale makehe . (tefito 'o e 'esiti 'aseti mo e hydrochloric .). ʻOku kau ʻi he niʻihi ʻa e ngaahi pamu ., ngaahi valves, fakaʻaongaʻi ʻo e ivi fakaʻatomi, ngāue ki he kemikalé, Seinopolo vaka, ʻea vela mo ha ngaahi meʻa lahi ange. 'Oku faka'aonga'i 'e he ngaue'anga 'o e ivi fakaniukilia 'a e meimei . 90% ʻo e zirconium naʻe faʻu ʻi he taʻu kotoa pe. 'Oku toe faka'aonga'i 'a e Zirconium ko ha fakafofonga alloying 'i he ukamea ., ke ngaohi ha ngaahi fa'ahinga 'o e ngaahi me'angaue tafa pea ko ha getter ., ko ha me‘a ‘okú ne fakataha‘i mo to‘o ‘a e ngaahi kasa ‘oku faka‘ilonga‘í ‘oku nau fa‘u ‘a e ngaahi paipa vekiume .. Ko e ukamea Zirconiume 'oku weldable pea 'oku fa'u ..

Zirconium 702 'oku ne 'omi 'a e malu'i lelei 'aupito 'o e corrosion mo e fakafepaki ki he mafasia-fakahala'i 'o e cracking mo e crevice corrosion .. ‘Oku fa’a ngaue’aki ia ki hono ngaue’aki ‘o e kemikale .. Alloyed mo e . 2 ke 3 peseti ʻo Kolomupiume, zirconium 705 'oku fu'u malohi ange mo lahi ange 'a e ducile 'i he zirconiume . 702 mo e meimei tatau 'o e corrosion 'a e fakafepaki, 'oku ne ngaohi ia ko e alloy 'o e fili ki he lahi taha 'o e zirconium .. 'Ikai ngata ai 'i hono fakafepaki'i 'o e HCl 'i he ngaahi me'a kotoa pe pea 'i he mafana 'i 'olunga 'i he mafana 'o e boiling ., ziconium mo hono ngaahi alloys 'oku nau ma'u foki 'a e fakafepaki lelei 'aupito 'i he 'esiti sulfuric 'i he mafana 'i 'olunga 'i he boiling mo e ngaahi me'a ke . 70%. Corrosion rate in nitric acid is less than 1 mil/year at temperatures above boiling and concentrations to 90%. The metals also resist most organics such as acetic acid and acetic anhydride as well as citric, lactic, tartaric, oxalic, tannic, and chlorinated organic acids. ʻOku siʻisiʻi ha ngaahi ukamea makehe mei zirconium ʻe lava ke fakaʻaongaʻi ʻi he ngaahi founga ʻo e kemikale ʻoku fie maʻu ki ai ha fetuʻutaki ʻe taha mo ha ʻesiti malohi mo e alkalis. Ka neongo ia, ʻOku ʻikai ha fakafepaki zirconium ki hydrofluoric ʻesiti pea ʻoku vave hono ʻohofi, naʻa mo e ngaahi kumí ʻoku māʻulalo ʻaupito. ʻOku ʻi ai ha ngaahi 4 faʻahinga ʻo e pehe ʻoku ne matuʻuaki alloyed zirconium ʻi he ngaahi kautaha kemikale: Zr702, Zr704, Zr705 mo e Zr706, fakaʻaongaʻi ki he kemikale mo e tuʻunga kehekehe. ʻOku meimei tatau pe ʻa e fakafepaki zirconium alloy ko ʻeni ʻe fa, ka ʻoku kehekehe ʻaupito ʻenau koloa fakamisini. Ko e malohi tensile ʻo Zr705 ko e liunga ua ia ʻo Zr702. ʻOku meimei ke faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ʻa e Zr705 ʻi he meʻangāue ki he kemikalé ʻa ia ʻoku ʻi ai ha ngaahi fie maʻu māʻolunga ange ki he mālohí. Ka ʻi sulfuric ʻesiti ʻoku ʻi ai FeCl3, ʻOku lelei ange ʻa e ngaahi koloa Zr702 mo Zr704 ʻi Zr705 mo Zr706. ʻOku maʻu ʻe Zr706 ha ivi feʻunga mo ha elongation maʻolunga pea ʻoku faʻa fakaʻaongaʻi ia ʻi hono ngaohi ʻo e ʻea vela exchanger.

Zirconium is also highly resistant to heat and corrosion, and it also forms many useful compounds and alloys. These strengths make it an ideal component for nuclear reactions, and it is also used in laboratory equipment, metallurgy and surgical appliances. Jet engines and gas turbines may also use zirconium and zirconium alloys to prevent metals from warping due to high heat exposure. Zirconium (faka'ilonga 'atomi: ZR, fika 'atomi: 40) ko ha Poloka D ., Kulupu 4, Piliote 5 'elemeniti mo ha mamafa 'atomi 'o e . 91.224. Zirconium Bohr ModelThe number of electrons in each of Zirconium’s shells is 2, 8, 18, 10, 2 pea ko hono configuration 'ilekitulonika 'oku . [Kr] 4d2 5s2. The zirconium atom has a radius of 160 pm mo ha Van der Waals radius 'o e . 186 pm. Naʻe maʻu ʻa Zirconiume ʻe Māteni Heinrich Klaproth ʻi he 1789 pea naʻe fuofua fakamavaheʻi ʻe Jöns Jakob Berzelius ʻi he . 1824. ʻI hono founga ʻelemēnití ., ziconium 'oku 'i ai ha fotunga hinehina siliva 'oku tatau mo e titanium ..

Ko e minerale tefito ‘o Zirconiume ko e zircon . (silikoniume silika). 'Oku ngaohi fakakomesiale 'a e Zirconium Elemental ko ha byproduct 'o e titanium mo e tini pea 'oku lahi 'a e ngaahi polokalama ko ha opacifier mo ha naunau refractory .. 'Oku 'ikai ke ma'u ia 'i natula ko ha 'elemeniti ta'etotongi .. Ko e hingoa 'o e zirconiume 'oku ha'u ia mei he zircon 'o e minerale ., ko e maʻuʻanga tokoni mahuʻinga taha ia ʻo e zirconiume ., pea mei he lea faka-Pēsia ., ‘uhinga ‘oku hangē ha koulá.