Hafnium

Hafnium is a lustrous, silvery, ductile metal generally similar to zirconium. Good corrosion resistance and high strength. 'Oku ne fakafepaki'i 'a e corrosion koe'uhi ko e fa'u 'o ha fefeka ., filimi oxide 'oku 'ikai lava ke faka'aonga'i 'i hono funga .. The metal is unaffected by alkalis and acids, tukukehe 'a e 'esiti hydrofluoric .. 'Oku faingata'a ke fakamavahe'i 'e he Hafnium 'a e fotunga 'o e fotunga ., koe'uhi ko e ongo 'elemeniti 'oku 'i ai 'a e lahi tatau .. 'Oku faka'aonga'i 'a e Hafnium mo hono ngaahi alloys ki he ngaahi va'a pule 'i he ngaahi reactors fakaniukilia mo e ngaahi vakapuna fakaniukilia koe'uhi 'oku lelei 'aupito 'a e hafnium 'i hono absorbing 'o e neutron pea 'oku 'i ai ha feitu'u 'oku fu'u ma'olunga 'aupito pea 'oku corrosion 'oku ne fakafepaki'i .. 'Oku faka'aonga'i ia 'i he ngaahi alloys mo e ceramics 'o e mafana ma'olunga ., talu mei he ni'ihi 'o hono ngaahi me'a 'oku fu'u refractory .: he ʻikai ke nau vaia tukukehe pē ʻi he malumalu ʻo e ngaahi mafana ʻoku fuʻu lahi tahá ..

Hafnium (atomic symbol: Hf, atomic number: 72) is a Block D, Group 4, Period 6 element with an atomic weight of 178.49. The number of electrons in each of Hafnium’s shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2. The hafnium atom has a radius of 159 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 212 pm. Hafnium was predicted by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869 but it was not until 1922 that it was first isolated Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy.

In its elemental form, hafnium has a lustrous silvery-gray appearance. Hafnium does not exist as a free element in nature. It is found in zirconium compounds such as zircon. Hafnium is often a component of superalloys and circuits used in semiconductor device fabrication. Its name is derived from the Latin word Hafnia, meaning Copenhagen, where it was discovered. Ko e fakamatala ʻi ʻolunga ʻoku fekauʻaki ia mo e ngaahi taumuʻa pe. ʻOku ʻikai ke ʻekeʻi mei he Alloys ʻIkale ʻa e tonu ʻo e ngaahi meʻa ko ʻeni pe ngaahi polokalama fakaʻaongaʻi. ʻE lava ke ʻave ʻa e ngaahi ta fakatata fakaʻosi ki ha paati hono tolu ki he outsourcing.